Bluetooth hci commands list. HCI Events: Responses from the controller to the host (e.

Bluetooth hci commands list com. HCI commands Item Command OGF OCF HCI Application is a Host Controller Interface application which provides a serial communication to interface with the KW40/KW41 BLE radio part. , “Start Bluetooth scanning”). This document covers the relevant Bluetooth-enabled WiLink 8. The commands are from a 2020 M1 Macbook Pro, would be interesting to see if they are the same on other models. 1 General Format of HCI Command Packets (Host to BM70/71) 3. linux; bluetooth; bluez; hci; Share. hcitool [-i hciX] [COMMAND [PARAMETERS]] DESCRIPTION. If not specified, the On the Android device turn off Bluetooth. HCI_VS_MSFT_LE_Monitor_Advertisement要求控制器開始監視落在指定 EDIT: I know the list of HCIcommand supported by my SoC. If not specified, the command will be sent to the first available Bluetooth device. The complete listing of the standard HCI Command and HCI Event messages with their parameter descriptions can be found in Bluetooth Core Specification v5. List of Bluetooth protocols. 5. In this link, some developer has provided a patch to support a 注意：HCI Command Packet的长度不能超过255（包括HCI Command The OGF values are defined by the Bluetooth (BT) Core specification. The HCI_LE_Clear_Resolving_List command is used to remove all devices from the resolving list used to resolve Resolvable Please advice how to get a complete VS HCI command list. Introduction The Host Controller Interface (HCI) is used for interacting with a Bluetooth controller. 37 Usage: hcitool [options] [command parameters] Options: –help Display help-i dev HCI device Commands: dev Display local devices inq Inquire remote devices scan Scan for remote devices name Get name from remote device info Get information from remote device spinq Start periodic inquiry epinq Exit periodic inquiry cmd Try AT+HELP for a list of commands. In such cases, Vendor-Specific Commands (VSC) can be used. Share. HCI ANT COMMAND 0x0A Both The following sections describe the HCI packets. Cancel; 0 Zahid Haq over 11 years ago. As much as I know the HCI commands are manufacturer defined. The Host Controller Interface specification describes a command interface to the Bluetooth baseband controller and link manager, with access to the hardware status and control registers. Flow Control Options The commands and events of CmdType1 are the HCI commands and events defined in the Bluetooth specification. The Host Controller Transport Layer provides both HCI roles with the ability to exchange information with each other. As the name suggests, VSCs are defined by a vendor and are only applicable to thei HCI Vendor-specific (VS) Commands Espressif's HCI VS commands are exclusively designed for use with Espressif's Bluetooth Host stack or internal debugging purposes. For more details please contactZoomin. hciconfig(1) is used to configure Bluetooth devices. HCI Command packet, HCI Event packet, HCI ACL Data packet, HCI Synchronous Data packet, and HCI ISO Data packet (see [Vol 4] Part E, Section 5. The BC7701 BLE chip can accept the DTM command. I am thinking of creating a module to tell the kernel and daemons running to send only supported commands to the SoC. Some commands only work for role 0, others only work for role 1 = "AT+VERSION"; //Get firmware, bluetooth, HCI and LMP version const char NAME[] = "AT+NAME"; //Set device name. When considering more generic hardware such as USB 4. 778,045] <inf> bt_hci_core: hci_vs_init: Firmware: Standard Bluetooth controller (0x00) Version 3. 2 Inquiry_Cancel 0x0002 Command to cancel the Inquiry mode in which the Bluetooth device is in. 3 The Initial Proposal for the HCI 當收到命令HCI_VS_MSFT_Cancel_Monitor_RSSI時，控制器應該會產生 Command Complete 事件。 HCI_VS_MSFT_LE_Monitor_Advertisement. When called with mode set to HCI_EXT_SET_USER_REVISION, the stack Provided by: bluez_5. The HCI exists across 3 sections, the Host – Transport Layer – Host Controller. 768011 > HCI Event: Command Status (0x0f) plen 4 3 Standard HCI commands 3. HCI Command packets can only be sent to the Bluetooth Controller, HCI Event packets can only be sent from the Bluetooth Controller, • Access to Bluetooth HCI pins • Access to Bluetooth HCI UART lines • For Bluetooth TX validation, standard RF equipment (such as a power meter, Specific HCI Commands User's Guide (SWRU303). Nordicsemi. Ahh ok. If not specified, the command will be sent to the first available Bluetooth device. For specific Bluetooth functionality see also the following shell documentation <inf> bt_hci_core: hci_vs_init: HW Variant: nRF52x (0x0002) [00:02:26. Note: Samsung devices have a slightly different location for the btsnoop file. HCI VS_SiliconLabs_Forcefully_Kill_Connection – Command Table 4. The online versions of the documents are provided as a courtesy. To make easier the use of frequent commands, there is the option to add a shortcut to the It can be used to monitor, configure connections, and send special commands to Bluetooth devices. Improve this question. commands. 48-0ubuntu3. The Windows Bluetooth stack reads the vendor-specific command code from a registry key, VsMsftOpCode. 1, HCI Command Packet: "Each command is assigned a 2 byte Opcode used to uniquely identify different types of commands. 0 to 4. hcitool – HCI Tool ver 5. 4). 1, Chapter 4. hcitool - Configure Bluetooth connections SYNOPSIS. Follow It offer a collection of commands made to easily interact with the Bluetooth stack. hcitool can be used to perform a variety of tasks, such as: Scanning for nearby Bluetooth devices: hcitool scan will scan for nearby Bluetooth devices and The Upper HCI on the Host exchanges data and commands with the Lower HCI on the Bluetooth hardware. hcitool COMMAND--help . ; Turn on Bluetooth. The LE specification has its own OGF value. com Version 1. For the list of HCI commands that are available on the BM70/71 module, refer to the HCI Command Overview. The add registry section should contain: Where can I find linux os bluetooth hcitool commands. Set the command set to the BLE_HCI. 3, Volume 2, Part E (Host Controller Interface Functional Specification), although the organisation and content may vary between versions of The HCI is a standardized Bluetooth interface for sending commands, receiving events, and for sending and receiving data. It is typically realized as a serial interface, using either RS232 or Modifications and new VS commands are added to this document as the software versions are updated. The hcitool and hciconfig commands are used to control and configure parameters for the Bluetooth interface. ogf, ocf and parameters are hexadecimal bytes. log 4 HCI Logging in the MCU 我爱蓝牙网 - 52Bluetooth - 最具人气蓝牙技术交流网站,蓝牙协议栈,蓝牙教程,传统蓝牙HCI Command（蓝牙HCI命令）详细介绍,一. Essentially this interface provides a uniform method of accessing the Bluetooth baseband capabilities. Device setup complete Bluetooth Control Command Line Tool. e. They can be snooped on macOS 5. I should have asked at the beginning how hcitool behaved. HCI简介 HCI层为上层提供了一个统一访问hci控制器的接口，其接口为一系列的指令和事件。主机（用户软件）对蓝牙芯片的控制都是通过协议规范中定义的指令，来控制蓝牙控制器（蓝牙芯片）进入相应的工作模式，例如在蓝牙启动的时候，主机会发送复位，设置蓝牙名称、设置pincode等指令，当 command console. To specify the vendor specific opcode, use the AddReg directive under DDInstall. It is used directly by many telephony related profiles as a carrier for AT commands, as well as being a transport layer for OBEX over Bluetooth. con Hi folks! I have two HM-10 bluetooth modules who works with this comands: Command Description AT Check if the command terminal work normally AT+RESET Software reboot AT+VERSION Get firmware, bluetooth, HCI and LMP version AT+HELP List all the commands AT+NAME Get/Set local device name AT+PIN Get/Set pin code for pairing I could not find the complete HCI command list. over 11 years ago. 4. Nowadays, most BLE chipset comes in a complete form that incorporates the complete controller, host and application in a single packet. Here is a list of important HCI packet types: The HCI provides a uniform command method of accessing the Bluetooth hardware capabilities. Inquire remote devices. 0, 4. Powered by Zoomin Software. 1 Vendor-Specific HCI Commands The Silicon Labs HCI and Controller support the following vendor-specific HCI commands. xml. $ hcitool --help . , “Scan Events are identified by a unique 1-byte event code assigned in the standard. The Bluetooth stack (such Figure 1-1. con: Display active baseband connections cc [--role=m|s] [--pkt-type=<ptype>] <bdaddr> Create baseband connection to remote device with Bluetooth address bdaddr. Create Table 3. HCI Commands and Setting BD_ADDR. Figure 2 Embedded Bluetooth ® deployment. It enables the user to have a way to control the radio through NAME. 10 9 May 10, 2022 hcitool - configure Bluetooth connections Synopsis hcitool [-h] hcitool [-i <hciX>] [command [command parameters]] Description. A Bluetooth application based on AnyCloud SDK may require some device-specific functionality not serviced by the standard HCI commands or other API functions. com DevAcademy DevZone hcitool(1) is used to configure Bluetooth connections and send some special command to Bluetooth devices. It is typically realized as a serial interface, using either RS232 or USB communication devices. To set device name add name string (20 char max) at end of this string const How does Bluetooth HCI work? The HCI provides a command interface to the baseband controller and link manager, and access to hardware status and control registers. XX, where XX:XX:XX:XX:XX is the address of the hci controller. Even though the Request started out on one end as an HCI Command, it must be provided to the remote PC as an HCI event on OPTIONS-h Gives a list of possible commands -i <hciX> The command is applied to device hciX, which must be the name of an installed Bluetooth device. I have a look at linux kernel source (specifically at this hci_core. 3. bluetooth. Die Bluetooth-Spezifikationen ermöglichen vom Anbieter definierte HCI-Befehle und -Ereignisse, um eine nicht standardisierte Interaktion zwischen Hosts und Controllern zuzulassen. Options Monitor & Configure Bluetooth connections and send special commands to Bluetooth devices. OPTIONS Submit an arbitrary HCI command to local device. LE Remove Device From White List Command : HCI_LE_SetDataLenCmd: LE Set Data Length Command : HCI_LE_SetEventMaskCmd: LE Set Event Mask Command : When you update a Bluetooth low energy project by adding your own code, use this API to set your own revision number. 19:35:34. 3 Periodic_Inquiry_Mode description. hcitool(1) is used to configure Bluetooth connections and send some special command to Bluetooth devices. rovingnetworks. scan The Host Controller Interface (HCI) serves as the communication channel between the Bluetooth controller and the host system in Bluetooth devices. If hciX is not given, hciconfig prints name and basic information about all the Bluetooth devices installed in As well as standard Bluetooth LE HCI commands, a number of HCI extension vendor-specific commands are available which extend some of the functionality of the controller for use by the application. This document provides a list of Bluetooth (BT) and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) requirements. 声明本专栏文章我们会以连载的方式持续更新，本专栏计划更新内容如下：第一篇:蓝牙综合介绍 ，主要介绍蓝牙的一些概念，产生背景，发展轨迹，市面蓝牙介绍，以及蓝牙开发 Die Bluetooth Host-Controller Interface (HCI) gibt alle Interaktionen zwischen einem Host und einem Bluetooth-Funkcontroller an. I tested those above commands with three phones, Mi 4, which is Android, a SANSUNG Z3, which is Tizen and a symbian Nokia 5230, and all functions are working fine except Handsfree audio. hcitool-h . OGF value HCI Vendor-specific (VS) Commands Espressif's HCI VS commands are exclusively designed for use with Espressif's Bluetooth Host stack or internal debugging purposes. If hciX is not given, hciconfig prints name and basic information about all the Bluetooth devices installed in the system. In this section will be discussed how user could send serial commands to th These allowed them to enable raw access to Bluetooth traffic, and after reverse-engineering work, they eventually discovered 29 undocumented HCI commands in the ESP32 Bluetooth firmware. Command to set the device to enter Inquiry modes periodically according to the time interval set. -i hciX: The command is applied to hciX, an installed Bluetooth device. So basically all HCI commands specified there must be supported by vendor to be approved by the Bluetooth organization. The most frequently used HCI commands are explained here. Some of them appear to affect things like audio latency, some appear to be setting up AWDL/continuity things. Table 2. Option --pkt-type specifies a list of allowed packet types. please refer to the Bluetooth core specification, Volume 2, Part E, Chapter 7. The default baud rate for command mode is 38400. In the HCI mode, the microcontroller is also responsible for the TI chip initialization and handling vendor commands. Get information from remote device spinq Start periodic inquiry epinq Exit periodic inquiry cmd Submit arbitrary HCI commands con Display active connections cc Create connection to remote device dc Disconnect from remote device sr Switch central/peripheral role cpt Change connection packet type rssi I did some research and tried to find the command sequence. Application developers should not initialize or invoke these VS commands in their applications. The commands and events of CmdType2 support to access to the BLE Bluetooth use DTM (Direct Test Mode) to test BLE RF performance. Display local devices inq. All HCI commands follows this format for all packets: Table 1-1. 2, 5. hci command string hci command value; hci_cmd_ocf_le_set_scan_parameters_command: 0x000b: hci_cmd_ocf_le_set_advertising_parameters_command: 0x0006: hci_cmd_ocf_le_set_scan_enable_command I would like to know if I can also remove the paired device using either hcitool, hciconfig or some kind of bluetooth command. The command packet transfers standard and VS HCI commands from the host to the baseband controller. hciconfig-h . The BlueNRG-2N ACI commands utilize and extend the standard HCI data format. Verify all content and data in the device’s PDF documentation found on the device product page. The command is applied to device hciX, which must be the name of an installed Bluetooth device. HCI packets consist of headers, payloads, and footers and come in two types: commands, HCI Command # Introduction to BLE HCI Commands # BLE HCI commands are standardized instructions exchanged between the host and the Bluetooth controller to manage and configure Bluetooth communication. Bit more information about my problem - I am developing a BLE Central device (IoT gateway) which will discover the peripheral devices around it and will communicate with them using GATT protocol. Submit an arbitrary HCI command to local device. 0, 5. George. The following OGF values are valid for BLE: hcitool(1) is used to configure Bluetooth connections and send some special command to Bluetooth devices. Modified 10 years, 3 months ago. HCI_VS_SiliconLabs_Set_Connection_Config_Bits – Command Table 4. Table 1. 0x08 0x0008 is just magic to set the ad package, other stackoverflow commands have said "just use it, don't ask aka bluetooth classic, this is not setting the complete local name or the shortend local name. 4. OPTIONS-i BLEのHCIコマンドについてBluetoothの仕様書(4. The VsMsftOpCode registry key has a type of REG_DWORD and the key data is the vendor specific opcode. HCI Packet Format First Byte Next Bytes HCI Packet Type HCI packet the HCI protocol, as described in the Bluetooth Core Specification. Also, there is an escape OGF value so that vendor specific OCF codes can be used. HW section in the driver's INF. 3 General Format of HCI Event Responses ( BM70/71 to Host) This multipurpose hardware designed for security assessments – not only for Bluetooth – presents too many options and does not meet all market needs; for instance, it lacks support for low-level functionalities, and the available Bluetooth attacks are very basic (e. Default first available . 3 Standard HCI commands 3. Most stacks hide the user from the name lookup process and do it automatically. Other Sites. Please refer to HCI Vendor-specific (VS) Commands for detailed information. 0r 3/26/13 page 8 Advanced Information When you are finished configuring, reset the module or send the ---command, which causes the module to exit configuration mode and allows data to pass normally. 1. Then use Arduino’s serial monitor to send out commands. 1 Partial embedded mode interface (AIROC ™ HCI) A Bluetooth ® product can have an onboard MCU that uses a Bluetooth ® application in either For more details, refer to the Bluetooth Core Specification . c). Table 3. This is particularly useful in environments with multiple Bluetooth-enabled devices, allowing users to identify and select the correct The Bluetooth specification defines HCI as a set of commands and events for the host and the controller to interact with each other, along with a data packet format and a set of rules for flow control. Basic information is interface type, BD address, ACL MTU, 收到 HCI_VS_MSFT_Cancel_Monitor_RSSI 命令时，控制器应生成 Command Complete 事件。 HCI_VS_MSFT_LE_Monitor_Advertisement. This would be useful for testing pairing, connecting and disconnecting devices. log. Options-i <hciX> The command is applied to device hciX, which must be the name of an installed Bluetooth device. Is there such a document? I was able to find some commands in the general documentation, such as UM11490, but not a specific document. 2 LE_RPA_offload: Add_IRK_to_list_sub_Command If a feature described below becomes available in standard HCI methods in a future Bluetooth specification, we will lean towards making that approach the default. If hciX is given but no command is given, it prints basic information on device hciX only. For more information, see the Bluetooth specifications. Conclusion. Specifically, I need the following commands: Any preinitialization commands; UART baud rate setting; UART parameters setting; A command to set the ACL priority Figure 2: HCI command and response event in hexadecimal format (HCI UART Transport) 4. HCI Command packets can be sent only to the Controller, HCI Event packets can be sent only from This list is a direct copy paste of the hcitool man page, but better organized. Basic information is interface type, BD address, Submit an arbitrary HCI command to local device. HCI Commands Link Control Commands (OGF = 0x01) No Command Name OpCode Description 1 Inquiry 0x0001 Command used to enter Inquiry mode where it discovers other Bluetooth devices. 10 8 May 10, 2022 Rev. HCI commands Item Command OGF OCF NAME. adb pull /sdcard/btsnoop_hci. over message queue API calls to and from the Bluetooth ® controller using the standard HCI protocol for sending and receiving commands, events, and data. Table 4-1. HCI commands Item Command OGF OCF In these notes "xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx" means the MAC address of the remote bluetooth device. The interface between the host and the controller is specified as host controller interface (HCI) in Bluetooth specification, and allows interoperability between various vendor host Bluetooth stacks and In the terminal, enter the following command to copy the HCI Log to the computer. The HCI Link commands provide the Host with the ability to control the link layer connections to other Bluetooth devices. If no command is given, or if the option -h is used, hcitool prints some usage information and exits. 0 family, including 1 day ago All HCI commands starts with a byte describing type of packet while the remaining bytes is dependent on the type of HCI packet. According to the Bluetooth specifications, a standard HCI packet can be: • HCI command packet • HCI ACL data packet All HCI commands are grouped into logical groups by the Bluetooth specification and each group is assigned a unique OGF value. 3. qoute The Write_Local_Name command provides the ability to modify the user- friendly name for 1. hciconfig [-a] . HCI Commands VS As shown in the diagram above, the host (MSP430) sends HCI commands to the controller (CC256x). However after that routine, all HCI commands, events, and responses will be passed to and from the main BT122 UART port. 6 Back to Display Filter Reference There are five kinds of HCI packets that can be sent via the Three-Wire UART Transport Layer; these are HCI Command packet, HCI Event packet, HCI ACL Data packet, HCI Synchronous Data packet, and HCI ISO Data packet (see [Vol 4] Part E, Section 5. See BLE Stack API Reference for a description of available HCI and HCI extension commands callable in the embedded application. Those can be found on: www. The controller then sends HCI events to the host as a response to the HCI commands. HCI Events: Responses from the controller to the host (e. 3 Command Packet The following is quoted from Bluetooth Specification V1. TI__Mastermind 25035 points Hi George, You can get almost all of the commands from the BT specifications: How ever the Bluetooth HCI specification [2] states that it should be OCF=0x09, OGF=0x04. One module is the master device while the other is the slave device. hciconfig [-a] hciX [COMMAND [PARAMETERS]] DESCRIPTION. hciconfig - Configure Bluetooth devices SYNOPSIS. 1)から BLE single mode で使用するHCIコマンドについて、機能ごと WiLink™ 8. Command to create an ACL connection to the device specified by the BD_ADDR in the parameters. . hciconfig is used to configure Bluetooth devices. hciX is the name of a Bluetooth device installed in the system. The HCI log file is now being generated and is saved to /sdcard/btsnoop_hci. Connecting the HCI Serial Interface to the Bluetooth Stack. The Bluetooth HCI Snoop Log gives developers and security analysts access to Bluetooth host controller interface packets. Check the specification provided for your blueooth device, they should be defined there. A command or event may have more Network processor configurations should use both HCI and TI vendor-specific HCI commands to implement an external Bluetooth application. Table 4. 0 Bluetooth® Vendor-Specific HCI Commands The following lists the range assignment for opcodes in VS commands (OGF = 0x3F). Command used to enter Inquiry mode where it discovers other Bluetooth devices. If no command is given, or if the option -h is used, hcitool prints some usage RN-BT-DATA-UG www. Protocol field name: bthci_cmd Versions: 1. 1 Flow Control Options Table 3 summarizes the flow control options. With hcitool scan, users can discover all nearby Bluetooth devices, along with their addresses. ; Reboot the Android device. d bluetooth restart List Bluetooth Adaptors hciconfig Scan for Bluetooth devices hcitool scan To then connect to one of the found devices you can use this: 3 Standard HCI commands 3. Rev. However, it's not prohibited for a vendor to add his own specific commands which are not part of the specification. For other HCI Application is a Host Controller Interface application which provides a serial communication to interface with the KW40/KW41/KW3x/QN9080 BLE radio part. But i am not successfully able to discover the peripheral devices around me. For the details of each command, e. 1 lists each HCI command and event together with specification version information, a summary description, and the support requirements. There are two options for retrieving the HCI log from the Android device. HCI_VS_MSFT_LE_Monitor_Advertisement 会请求控制器开始监视属于指定 RSSI 范围且满足以下条件之一的播发： 指定的模式可以匹配收到的播发数据包。 There are several HCI transport layer standards, each using a different hardware interface to transfer the same command, event and data packets. 2 General Format of HCI-ISDAP Flash Commands (Host to BM70/71 ) 3. Reset Bluetooth Adaptor sudo hciconfig hci0 reset Restart Bluetooth Service sudo invoke-rc. hcitool is used to configure Bluetooth connections and send some special command to Bluetooth devices. 0. For each discovered device, Bluetooth device address, clock offset and class are printed. :-,) So hcitool -- as per its name -- is apparently using Bluetooth HCI commands, in this case apparently CreateConnection and RemoteNameRequest. command descriptions, parameters, etc. merely spamming advertisement packets). dev. Table 3 shows the packet structure. Vendor-Specific Capabilities HCI Commands: These are instructions sent from the host to the Bluetooth controller (e. g. 1. Pairing Two HC-05 Modules. HCI Command Packet Structure First Last 1. HCI VS_SiliconLabs_Forcefully_Kill_Connection – Command Parameters Table 4. 2. 3 languages macOS sends a bunch of custom (vendor defined) HCI commands to the Broadcom bluetooth chip. It enables the user to have a way to control the radio through serial commands. This file has a list of the HCI commands that the user can send to the device, some of the commands have some options to be configured if necessary or some data to be filled. HCI commands Item Command OGF OCF Motivation: Scanning for Bluetooth devices is a fundamental task when setting up new connections or troubleshooting existing ones. With BlueZ: Using bluetoothctl (interactive bluetooth control tool), which gives you a terminal with show and these other commands (highlighted the more common ones): [bluetooth]# help Menu main: Available commands: ----- advertise Advertise Options Submenu scan Scan Options Submenu gatt Generic Attribute Submenu list List available controllers There are five kinds of HCI packets that can be sent via the UART Transport Layer; i. To connect the Linux Bluetooth stack to a serial HCI interface the hciattach command must be run as shown below. >> hciattach /dev/ttyACM0 any 115200 noflow nosleep. I think modifying it may solve the problem after going through this link. Also, make sure you have the correct role selected. Ask Question Asked 10 years, 3 months ago. This interface provides a uniform method of accessing the Bluetooth baseband capabilities. The HCI is a standardized Bluetooth interface for sending commands, receiving events, and for sending and receiving data. 2 Build 99 . 1, 4. These commands enable the host to initiate various actions, such as establishing connections, configuring parameters, and managing the overall behavior of the A lot of these settings were put in place to help debug and develop new apps but within this long list of settings and commands, you’ll find something particularly useful—Bluetooth HCI Snoop Log. Use an FTDI USB to Serial converter to configure the bluetooth module once it’s in command mode (how to set in command mode). 767470 ; HCI Command: Inquiry (0x01|0x0001) plen 5 lap 0x9e8b33 len 8 num 0 19:35:34. It allows the host to send commands and receive events from the controller, enabling initiation of Bluetooth connections. con HCI commands are part of Bluetooth specifications. 1 Supported HCI commands The table below lists the standard Bluetooth HCI commands which are supported by the BlueNRG-MS. 6. Those commands can be used sends an hci command to the hci0 device. Display Filter Reference: Bluetooth HCI Command. 9_amd64 NAME hcitool - configure Bluetooth connections SYNOPSIS hcitool [-h] hcitool [-i <hciX>] [command [command parameters]] DESCRIPTION hcitool is used to configure Bluetooth connections and send some special command to Bluetooth devices. sow eztoo lzsp ichck lwzssvmw yeq gwzij yspg gsrr hcon kaszw wzai vysvem zns pgsaju